Chiller plants face various water-related problems that can significantly impact efficiency, reliability, and longevity. These issues include corrosion, scaling, fouling, and water leakage, which can lead to reduced heat transfer efficiency, increased energy consumption, and premature equipment failure. Biological growth, such as bacteria, algae, and fungi, can cause biofouling, reducing flow rates and increasing pressure drops. Additionally, issues with water chemistry, including pH, alkalinity, and hardness imbalances, can affect the effectiveness of chemical treatments and accelerate corrosion and scaling.

Other problems include glycol degradation, sedimentation, and mineral deposition, which can clog pipes and heat exchangers. Waterborne contaminants, such as dirt, debris, and microorganisms, can also enter the system through poorly maintained cooling towers or faulty piping. Furthermore, inadequate water treatment, poor system flushing, and insufficient monitoring can exacerbate these issues, leading to costly repairs, downtime, and reduced chiller plant performance.